Emergency Contraception
Emergency contraception are used for the prevent of pregnancy after the intercourse. Unprotected intercourse, in case of sexual assault and contraceptive failure are the situation in which emergency Contraceptives are used.
It is also known as “the morning after pill” and “Morning after contraception” or “the day after pill”.
Emergency contraception can be used to prevent pregnancy in the first 5 days after the sex. These are used before the release of ovum from the ovary or before the sperm fertilize the ovum.
Conditions for using Emergency contraception
In case of Contraceptives failure.
In case of rape or forced sex.
Reason of contraceptive failure
- Breakage of Condom
- Time period more than 3 hours later to taken progestogen-only pill (minipill).
- Spermicide tablet do not melt before intercourse.
- Combined oral contraceptive pills missed 3 or more consecutive days.
- Miscalculation of mensuration cycle.
- Time period 12 hours later to taken desogestrel-containing pill (0.75 mg).
- Time period more than 7 days later to given the combined estrogen-plus-progestogen (Monthly) injection.
- Improper work of intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD).
3 emergency contraceptives method.
- Emergency Contraception pills (ECPs)
- Yuzpe method
- Copper bearing intrauterine devices (IUDs)
- Emergency Contraception pills (ECPs)
According to WHO pills method should be used within 5 days (120 hrs.) after the sexual intercourse.
Medicines-
- Levonorgestrel (1.5 mg in single dose )
(0.75 mg in 2 dose at 12 hrs interval)
- Ulipristal (30 mg in dose)
MOA (Mode of action):-
It works by preventing or delaying ovulation and also preventing by fertilization of egg by sperm.
- THE YUZPE METHOD
This is the method in which combined oral contraceptive pills are used.
Medicines-
- Each dose contain estrogen (100-120mg) and progestin (0.50-0.60mg)
Note:-first dose should be taken after the intercourse within 72 hrs or late within 120 hrs.
- Copper bearing intrauterine device (IUDs)
IUDs Method of emergency contraception is 99% effective and long acting method. This method is also used by woman within 120 hours after the sexual interaction.
MOA (Mode of action) :- It is work by preventing the fertilization by chemical change in the sperm and egg.
Medical eligibility criteria and contraindication (IUD method)
Please refer to the “WHO Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use”
